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General Studies: Biology Disease ke liye ye 104 questions ka practice set General Knowledge pattern par banaya gaya hai. Test me 45 second per question ka timer hai aur har galat answer par 0.25 marks kate jaate hain — bilkul asli exam jaisa. Submit karne ke baad aapko exact score, accuracy aur har question ka explanation milta hai. Bihar ke competitive exams (BPSC, BSSC, Bihar Police, BTSC) ki tayari karne wale students ke liye.
Neeche is set ke kuch questions hain — inhi par aapka timed test banega. Answer dekhne ke liye “Answer” par click karein.
Which of the following is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks synovial joints?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा एक ऑटोइम्यून रोग है जिसमें शरीर की प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली अपने ही जोड़ों पर हमला करती है?
(A) Typhoid
(B) Rheumatoid Arthritis
(C) Malaria
(D) Cholera
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Rheumatoid ArthritisExplanation: Rheumatoid arthritis ek autoimmune bimari hai jisme body ka immune system galti se joints ki synovial membrane par attack karke chronic inflammation aur dard paida karta hai.
What characterizes 'Active Immunity' in the human body?
'सक्रिय प्रतिरक्षा' (Active Immunity) की क्या विशेषता है?
(A) Direct injection of pre-formed readymade antibodies
(B) Production of antibodies by host cells in response to an antigen exposure
(C) Immediate temporary maternal protection
(D) Physical epithelial barriers like intact skin
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Production of antibodies by host cells in response to an antigen exposureExplanation: Active immunity tab banti hai jab body kisi pathogen ya vaccine ke contact me aakar khud ke antibodies aur memory cells develop karti hai; ye thodi slow hoti hai par long-lasting rehti hai.
Which primary class of maternal immunoglobulins is enriched in first milk (Colostrum) to provide passive neonatal immunity?
नवजात शिशु को प्राकृतिक निष्क्रिय प्रतिरक्षा प्रदान करने वाला माँ के पहले गाढ़े दूध (कोलोस्ट्रम) में कौन सा एंटीबॉडी प्रचुर मात्रा में होता है?
(A) IgG
(B) IgA
(C) IgM
(D) IgE
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) IgAExplanation: Maa ke pehle doodh (Colostrum) me secretory IgA antibodies hoti hain, jo newborn baby ke digestive aur respiratory tract ko infection se natural passive immunity deti hain.
Which secondary lymphoid organ filters blood-borne antigens and acts as the 'Graveyard of RBCs'?
कौन सा द्वितीयक लसिका अंग रक्त जनित एंटीजन को छानता है और 'आरबीसी का कब्रिस्तान' कहलाता है?
(A) Liver
(B) Spleen
(C) Kidney
(D) Thymus
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) SpleenExplanation: Spleen purani aur damaged RBCs ko filter karke destroy karta hai aur sath hi body ke major blood reservoir aur immune filter ke roop me kaam karta hai.
What is an 'Anaphylactic Reaction' (Anaphylaxis)?
'एनाफिलेक्टिक शॉक' (Anaphylaxis) क्या है?
(A) A sudden, severe, life-threatening systemic hypersensitivity reaction
(B) A chronic localized bacterial bone infection
(C) A gradual malignant transformation of epithelial cells
(D) An acute psychological panic disorder
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: A) A sudden, severe, life-threatening systemic hypersensitivity reactionExplanation: Ye ek severe life-threatening allergic reaction hai jisme histamine release hone se achanak BP bahut kam ho jata hai aur airway choke hone lagta hai.
Which powerful analgesic alkaloid and central depressant is extracted from the latex of Papaver somniferum (Opium poppy)?
अफीम के पौधे (Papaver somniferum) के लेटेक्स से कौन सा शक्तिशाली दर्द निवारक और अवसादक दवा प्राप्त होती है?
(A) Cocaine
(B) Morphine
(C) Caffeine
(D) Nicotine
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) MorphineExplanation: Morphine poppy plant se nikla ek potent opioid analgesic (painkiller) hai, jo central nervous system ko depress karta hai par highly addictive hota hai.
Diacetylmorphine, a semi-synthetic opioid drug derived by the acetylation of morphine, is commonly known on the street as:
डायएसिटिलमॉर्फिन, जो मॉर्फिन के एसिटिलेशन द्वारा बनाई जाती है, आम बोलचाल में क्या कहलाती है?
(A) Crack
(B) Smack (Heroin)
(C) Coke
(D) Weed
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Smack (Heroin)Explanation: Heroin ko street language me Smack kehte hain; ye ek white odorless bitter crystalline compound hai jo body ke functions ko slow-down kar deta hai.
Which anatomical region of the brain is acutely and chronically impaired by alcohol, causing ataxia and motor incoordination?
शराब (Alcohol) के सेवन से मस्तिष्क का कौन सा भाग सबसे अधिक प्रभावित होता है, जिससे शरीर का संतुलन बिगड़ जाता है?
(A) Cerebrum
(B) Cerebellum
(C) Medulla Oblongata
(D) Hypothalamus
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) CerebellumExplanation: Alcohol seedhe Cerebellum ko suppress karta hai, jo muscular coordination aur body balance maintain karne ke liye zimmedar hota hai.
Chronic excessive consumption of ethanol leads to irreversible hepatic fibrosis and parenchymal scarring clinically termed:
लंबे समय तक अत्यधिक शराब पीने से यकृत (लीवर) के ऊतकों का सख्त और नष्ट हो जाना क्या कहलाता है?
(A) Hepatomegaly
(B) Liver Cirrhosis
(C) Cholecystitis
(D) Hepatic Steatosis
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Liver CirrhosisExplanation: Liver Cirrhosis me continuous alcohol toxicity ki wajah se healthy hepatocytes destroy hokar fibrous scar tissue me badal jate hain, jisse liver fail ho jata hai.
The DPT trivalent vaccine confers pediatric immunity against which three deadly bacterial infections?
डीपीटी (DPT) टीका किन तीन घातक जीवाणु रोगों से बच्चों की रक्षा के लिए लगाया जाता है?
(A) Dengue, Polio, Typhoid
(B) Diphtheria, Pertussis (Whooping Cough), and Tetanus
(C) Dysentery, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis
(D) Diabetes, Pertussis, Trachoma
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Diphtheria, Pertussis (Whooping Cough), and TetanusExplanation: DPT ek triple antigen vaccine hai jo Diphtheria (galghontu), Pertussis (kali khansi), aur Tetanus (lockjaw) ke khilaf bacho ko immune banata hai.
Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) is a fatal protozoan infection transmitted by the bite of an infected:
कालाजार (Kala-azar) प्रोटोजोआ रोग किस संक्रमित कीट के काटने से फैलता है?
(A) Anopheles mosquito
(B) Female Phlebotomus Sandfly (Baalu Makkhi)
(C) Tsetse fly
(D) Aedes aegypti
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Female Phlebotomus Sandfly (Baalu Makkhi)Explanation: Kala-azar Leishmania donovani protozoa se hota hai, jise Sandfly (Baalu Makkhi) ek insaan se doosre insaan me spread karti hai.
To which taxonomic parasitic protozoan class does the malaria pathogen Plasmodium belong?
मलेरिया परजीवी (Plasmodium) प्रोटोजोआ के किस वर्ग से संबंधित है?
(A) Ciliata
(B) Sporozoa
(C) Sarcodina
(D) Mastigophora
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) SporozoaExplanation: Plasmodium Sporozoa class me aata hai kyunki iski life cycle me infectious spore-like stage (sporozoite) hoti hai aur isme chalne ke liye koi organ nahi hota.
Which hepatitis virus strains are enteric and predominantly transmitted through the fecal-oral route via contaminated food and water?
कौन से हेपेटाइटिस वायरस मुख्य रूप से दूषित भोजन और पानी (Fecal-oral route) के माध्यम से फैलते हैं?
(A) Hepatitis B and D
(B) Hepatitis A and E
(C) Hepatitis C and G
(D) Hepatitis B and C
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Hepatitis A and EExplanation: Hepatitis A aur E contaminated water aur food se spread hone wale enteric virus hain, jabki Hepatitis B aur C blood aur body fluids se spread hote hain.
The tuberculin skin test (PPD) widely used to screen for latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure is the:
तपेदिक (TB) के बैक्टीरिया संक्रमण की जाँच के लिए त्वचा पर किया जाने वाला परीक्षण कौन सा है?
(A) Widal Test
(B) Mantoux Test
(C) ELISA Test
(D) Schick Test
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Mantoux TestExplanation: Mantoux test me forearm ki skin ke andar purified protein derivative (PPD) inject karke 48-72 ghante me TB hypersensitivity reaction check ki jati hai.
A classic pathognomonic neurological symptom of late-stage clinical Rabies viral encephalomyelitis is:
रेबीज वायरस से होने वाले दिमागी संक्रमण का सबसे प्रमुख और विशिष्ट लक्षण क्या है?
(A) Photophobia only
(B) Hydrophobia (Intense pharyngeal spasm on swallowing liquids)
(C) Polyphagia
(D) Amnesia
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Hydrophobia (Intense pharyngeal spasm on swallowing liquids)Explanation: Rabies (Rhabdovirus) pharyngeal muscles me violent spasms paida karta hai, jisse gale me severe dard hota hai aur patient paani peene se darne lagta hai (Hydrophobia).
The Bubonic Plague ('Black Death') is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, transmitted primarily by:
प्लेग ('काली मौत') रोग यर्सिनिया पेस्टिस बैक्टीरिया के कारण होता है, जो किसके माध्यम से फैलता है?
(A) Houseflies
(B) Xenopsylla cheopis (Rat Fleas)
(C) Culex mosquitoes
(D) Ixodes ticks
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Xenopsylla cheopis (Rat Fleas)Explanation: Plague bacteria chuho par rehne wale rat fleas (Xenopsylla) ke kaatne se insan me phailte hain; isme lymph nodes sujan ke sath kaale ho jate the.
Metabolic bone thinning leading to fragile porous bones and elevated fracture risk in elderly post-menopausal women is:
वृद्ध महिलाओं में हड्डियों का घनत्व कम होने और उनके कमजोर होकर टूटने की बीमारी को क्या कहते हैं?
(A) Osteoarthritis
(B) Osteoporosis
(C) Osteopetrosis
(D) Rickets
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) OsteoporosisExplanation: Osteoporosis me estrogen ki kami aur calcium loss ke karan bone matrix porous ho jati hai, jisse spine aur hip fracture ka risk bahut badh jata hai.
The medical specialty devoted to the etiology, diagnosis, chemotherapy, and radiation management of neoplasia is:
कैंसर के निदान, रोकथाम और उपचार से संबंधित चिकित्सा विज्ञान की शाखा क्या कहलाती है?
(A) Oncology
(B) Hematology
(C) Cardiology
(D) Rheumatology
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: A) OncologyExplanation: Oncology medicine ki wo branch hai jo tumors aur cancerous malignancies ki study, staging aur multi-modal treatment se deal karti hai.
What characterizes a 'Benign Tumor' as opposed to a 'Malignant' cancerous growth?
'बेनाइन ट्यूमर' (Benign Tumor) की मुख्य विशेषता क्या होती है?
(A) Rapid systemic metastasis to distant viscera
(B) Localized encapsulated mass that does not infiltrate adjacent tissues or metastasize
(C) Invasion into lymphatic sinuses
(D) Immediate fatal prognosis
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Localized encapsulated mass that does not infiltrate adjacent tissues or metastasizeExplanation: Benign tumor non-cancerous hota hai jo ek fibrous capsule me bandh kar apni jagah rehta hai aur blood ya lymph ke zariye pure body me nahi failta.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners produce detailed high-contrast soft-tissue slices using:
एमआरआई (MRI) तकनीक शरीर के आंतरिक अंगों की स्पष्ट तस्वीरें बनाने के लिए किसका उपयोग करती है?
(A) Ionizing gamma radiation
(B) Strong static magnetic fields, radiofrequency gradients, and hydrogen proton resonance
(C) High-frequency ultrasonic piezo crystals
(D) Thermal infrared thermography
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Strong static magnetic fields, radiofrequency gradients, and hydrogen proton resonanceExplanation: MRI me koi harmful radiation nahi hoti; ye strong magnetic field aur radio waves ka use karke body ke paani (hydrogen protons) ki alignment se image banata hai.
A diagnostic procedure involving microscopic histopathological examination of excised tissue cores to confirm malignancy is a:
कैंसर की पुष्टि, ग्रेड और स्टेज जानने के लिए शरीर से ऊतक का टुकड़ा निकालकर माइक्रोस्कोप से जांचना क्या कहलाता है?
(A) Endoscopy
(B) Biopsy
(C) Positron emission tomography
(D) Paracentesis
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) BiopsyExplanation: Biopsy cancer diagnosis ka gold standard test hai jisme suspected tissue ka sample nikal kar microscope ke niche malignant cells aur tissue architecture dekhte hain.
Poliovirus enters via the fecal-oral route and replicates in the gut before attacking which specific central nervous system structures?
पोलियोमाइलाइटिस वायरस केंद्रीय तंत्रिका तंत्र की किन विशिष्ट कोशिकाओं को नष्ट करके पक्षाघात (Paralysis) उत्पन्न करता है?
(A) Cerebral sensory cortex
(B) Anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord
(C) Optic chiasm tracts
(D) Cerebellar Purkinje neurons
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cordExplanation: Poliovirus spinal cord ke anterior horn motor neurons ko permanently destroy kar deta hai, jisse muscles tak electric signals jana band ho jate hain aur paralysis ho jata hai.
What is the pharmacological biological mechanism underlying classical cancer 'Chemotherapy'?
कैंसर के इलाज में 'कीमोथेरेपी' (Chemotherapy) किस जैविक सिद्धांत पर कार्य करती है?
(A) Thermal ablation using focused microwave probes
(B) Cytotoxic disruption of DNA replication and mitotic machinery in rapidly dividing cells
(C) Nutritional starvation of gut microflora
(D) Surgical enucleation of regional nodes
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Cytotoxic disruption of DNA replication and mitotic machinery in rapidly dividing cellsExplanation: Chemotherapy drugs fast-dividing cells ke DNA replication aur cell division ko block karke unhe marti hain; yahi wajah hai ki baal aur gut cells bhi temporary affect hote hain.
The global pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was caused by which novel coronavirus?
2019 में फैली वैश्विक महामारी कोविड-19 किस वायरस के संक्रमण से हुई थी?
(A) H1N1 Influenza A
(B) SARS-CoV-2
(C) MERS-CoV
(D) Filovirus Ebola
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) SARS-CoV-2Explanation: COVID-19 pandemic SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) ke infection se hui thi, jo ACE2 receptors par bind karta hai.
The Aedes aegypti daytime-biting mosquito acts as the primary vector for which group of arboviral illnesses?
एडीज इजिप्टी (Aedes aegypti) मच्छर मुख्य रूप से किन वायरल बीमारियों को फैलाता है?
(A) Malaria, Filariasis, Typhoid
(B) Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika, and Yellow Fever
(C) Japanese Encephalitis, Kala-azar
(D) Plague, Cholera, Dysentery
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika, and Yellow FeverExplanation: Aedes aegypti mosquito Dengue, Chikungunya, Yellow fever aur Zika virus jaise arboviruses ko spread karne ka primary vector hai.
The primary exfoliative cytological screening smear used worldwide to identify precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix is the:
महिलाओं में गर्भाशय ग्रीवा (Cervical Cancer) की शुरुआती पहचान के लिए कौन सा नैदानिक परीक्षण किया जाता है?
(A) Mammogram
(B) Pap (Papanicolaou) Smear
(C) Widal test
(D) Mantoux test
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Pap (Papanicolaou) SmearExplanation: Pap Smear test me cervix se cells ka swab le kar microscope me HPV-induced dysplasia aur precancerous changes check kiye jate hain.
A viral, bacterial, or parasitic disease transmissible from vertebrate animals to humans under natural conditions is a:
जानवरों से मनुष्यों में प्राकृतिक रूप से फैलने वाले रोगों (जैसे रेबीज) को क्या कहा जाता है?
(A) Iatrogenic disease
(B) Zoonotic Disease (Zoonosis)
(C) Nosocomial infection
(D) Congenital anomaly
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Zoonotic Disease (Zoonosis)Explanation: Zoonosis aisi bimariyon ko bolte hain jo animals se insano me naturally transfer hoti hain, jaise Rabies, Anthrax, aur Swine Flu.
Avian influenza (Bird Flu) presenting severe respiratory distress in domestic poultry and humans is caused by:
पक्षियों और मुर्गियों में फैलने वाला 'बर्ड फ्लू' किस वायरस स्ट्रेन के कारण होता है?
(A) H1N1
(B) H5N1
(C) H3N2
(D) Rhinovirus
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) H5N1Explanation: Bird Flu H5N1 avian influenza virus se hota hai; jabki H1N1 virus strain ko Swine Flu kaha jata hai.
Severe pathology during acute Dengue hemorrhagic fever is characterized by marked thrombocytopenia, defined as:
डेंगू बुखार में रक्त का कौन सा घटक खतरनाक स्तर तक घट जाता है जिससे आंतरिक रक्तस्राव का खतरा बढ़ जाता है?
(A) Severe drop in Erythrocytes
(B) Precipitous drop in Platelet count below critical hemostatic levels
(C) Destruction of granulocytes
(D) Depletion of albumin
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Precipitous drop in Platelet count below critical hemostatic levelsExplanation: Dengue me bone marrow suppression aur antibody destruction ke karan Platelets tezi se girti hain (Thrombocytopenia), jisse bleeding ka risk badhta hai.
Pathological elevation of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) damaging the optic nerve and causing irreversible peripheral visual field loss is:
आँखों के अंदर का दबाव (IOP) बढ़ने से ऑप्टिक नर्व को नुकसान पहुँचाने वाली बीमारी क्या कहलाती है?
(A) Cataract
(B) Glaucoma (Kala Motia)
(C) Trachoma
(D) Strabismus
✅ Answer & Explanation
Sahi jawab: B) Glaucoma (Kala Motia)Explanation: Glaucoma (Kala Motia) me aqueous humor fluid ka pressure badhne se optic nerve fibers permanently damage ho jate hain, jisse blindness ho sakti hai.